Dawn Lowery 
Kerry Blue Terrier
The Kerry Blue Terrier: Ireland's Blue-Blooded Terrier
From Farm Worker to Family Companion
With a striking blue-gray coat and a beard that would make any Irishman proud, the Kerry Blue Terrier is one of Ireland's most versatile and charismatic native breeds. Originally developed as an all-purpose farm dog in County Kerry, this intelligent and spirited terrier has won hearts worldwide with its loyalty, humor, and distinctive appearance.
In this comprehensive guide, we'll explore everything you need to know about the Kerry Blue Terrier—from their fascinating history and unique characteristics to their care requirements and what it's really like to live with one of these "blue devils" from Ireland.
Keep reading to discover if this rare and remarkable breed is the right companion for your home!
Basic Information
The Kerry Blue Terrier is a medium-sized, muscular terrier known for its distinctive soft, wavy blue coat and spirited personality. Bred as an all-purpose farm dog in Ireland, the Kerry is intelligent, adaptable, and fiercely loyal to its family.
| Other Names | Irish Blue Terrier |
|---|---|
| Breed Group | Terrier |
| Origin | Ireland |
| Height | Males: 18-19 inches; Females: 17-18 inches |
| Weight | Males: 26-33 lbs; Females: 22-29 lbs |
| Lifespan | 12-15 years |
| Coat | Soft, wavy, and dense; no undercoat |
| Color | Any shade of blue from light silver to dark slate |
| Temperament | Loyal, spirited, intelligent, and strong-willed |
| Energy Level | High - requires daily physical and mental stimulation |
| Good With | Families with older children, experienced dog owners |
Did You Know?
Kerry Blue Terrier puppies are born black! Their distinctive blue coat gradually appears as they mature, usually reaching its final color by 18-24 months of age. The color progression can include stages of very dark blue, shades of brown, and mixtures before settling into the mature blue shade.
History and Origin
The Kerry Blue Terrier's origins are shrouded in mystery and legend, adding to the breed's distinctive charm.
Legends and Lore
Several romantic tales surround the breed's origin:
- The Spanish Armada Story: The most popular legend claims that when the Spanish Armada wrecked off the Irish coast in 1588, a blue dog swam ashore from a shipwreck and was bred with local terriers, creating the Kerry Blue.
- The Russian "Blue Dog": Another version tells of a Russian ship wrecking in Tralee Bay with a "blue terrier" as the sole survivor.
- The Poacher's Dog: A more practical theory suggests peasants developed the breed by crossing their terriers with Irish Wolfhounds for poaching game.
Historical Development
Whatever their mysterious origins, Kerry Blue Terriers were definitely developed in the mountains of Kerry around Lake Killarney in Ireland. They were cherished as versatile farm dogs capable of hunting vermin, herding cattle and sheep, retrieving game, and serving as watchdogs. Their intelligence and adaptability made them invaluable to Irish farmers.
Modern History and Recognition
The Kerry Blue Terrier's journey to international recognition began in the early 20th century:
- 1920: The first show of the Dublin Irish Blue Terrier Club was held.
- 1922: The Irish Kennel Club was formed, with the Kerry Blue as its first registered breed.
- 1924: The American Kennel Club officially recognized the breed.
- 2000 & 2003: A Kerry Blue named Torums Scarf Michael ("Mick") won Best in Show at Crufts and Westminster, bringing international attention to the breed.
Despite these achievements, the Kerry Blue remains a relatively uncommon breed, classified as a "vulnerable native breed" in the UK due to declining numbers.
Appearance & Physical Traits
The Kerry Blue Terrier is a compact, muscular, and well-proportioned medium-sized terrier with distinctive features that set it apart from other breeds.
Physical Characteristics
- Body: Compact and muscular with a short back and deep chest
- Head: Long and flat-skulled with a slight stop and strong jaws
- Eyes: Dark or dark hazel, small to medium in size with a keen, alert expression
- Ears: Small V-shaped button ears that fold forward close to the cheeks
- Tail: Set on high, customarily docked to moderate length, and carried erect
The Famous Coat
The Kerry Blue's most distinctive feature is undoubtedly its coat:
- Texture: Soft and wavy with no undercoat; described as feeling like "a combination of fine human hair and wool"
- Color: Any shade of blue, from light silver-blue to deep slate blue
- Maintenance: The coat doesn't shed but continues to grow, requiring regular grooming
- Show Grooming: Show dogs are typically trimmed to highlight their physique with a distinctive beard and fall (longer hair on the head)
Size and Proportion
Kerry Blue Terriers are among the larger terriers:
- Height: 17-20 inches at the withers
- Weight: 33-40 pounds for males; females slightly less
- Build: Well-balanced with moderate leg length; the preferred ratio of body length to height is 10:9
Temperament & Personality
The Kerry Blue Terrier possesses a complex and spirited temperament that combines intelligence, loyalty, and a typical terrier feistiness.
Family-Oriented
Kerries form strong bonds with their families and are intensely loyal and affectionate toward their owners. They are known for being good with children when properly introduced.
Intelligent & Trainable
Highly intelligent and quick to learn, Kerry Blues respond best to positive reinforcement training methods. However, their intelligence means they can be stubborn and require consistent, engaging training.
Alert & Protective
With strong protective instincts, Kerries make excellent watchdogs. They can be wary of strangers and may bark to alert their family.
Energetic & Playful
Kerries have plenty of energy and enjoy activities like hiking, agility, and play sessions. They maintain a playful, sometimes comical demeanor throughout their lives.
Important Temperament Considerations
Kerry Blues can be strong-willed and require an owner who is at least as determined as they are. Early socialization is crucial to help them get along with other dogs and animals, as they may have a tendency to be dog-aggressive, especially with dogs of the same sex. Their hunting heritage means they may chase small animals, so secure fencing is essential.
Temperament Traits
Exercise & Activity Needs
As an active breed originally developed for farm work, Kerry Blues need regular exercise and mental stimulation to stay happy and healthy.
Daily Walks
30-45 Minutes
At least two brisk walks daily to maintain physical health and provide mental stimulation through new sights and smells.
Kerries enjoy exploring new routes and environments.
Active Play
20-30 Minutes
Interactive games like fetch, tug-of-war, or agility exercises to burn off energy and strengthen the bond with their owner.
Kerries excel at dog sports like agility and obedience.
Mental Stimulation
Daily
Puzzle toys, training sessions, and scent work to challenge their intelligent minds and prevent boredom-related behaviors.
A bored Kerry Blue may become destructive.
Weekly Exercise Schedule
- Daily: Two 30-minute walks + 20 minutes of active play
- 3-4 times per week: More vigorous activity like running, hiking, or swimming
- Weekly: Participation in organized dog sports or training classes
- Ongoing: Access to puzzle toys and interactive games
Exercise Warning
Kerry Blues have high energy levels and need consistent daily exercise. Without adequate physical and mental stimulation, they may develop behavioral issues such as excessive barking, digging, or chewing. However, avoid strenuous exercise in hot weather due to their dense coat.
Diet & Food
Proper nutrition is essential for maintaining the Kerry Blue's energy levels, coat health, and overall wellbeing.
Puppy Diet
0-12 Months
High-quality puppy food formulated for medium breeds, fed 3-4 times daily. Look for foods with DHA for brain development and proper calcium-phosphorus ratios for bone health.
Puppies need approximately 55-65 calories per pound of body weight.
Adult Diet
1-7 Years
High-quality adult dog food with real meat as the first ingredient, fed twice daily. Amount varies based on activity level but typically 1.5-2.5 cups daily.
Adults need approximately 30-40 calories per pound of body weight.
Senior Diet
7+ Years
Senior formula with joint supplements (glucosamine and chondroitin), fewer calories, and adjusted protein levels. Monitor weight closely and adjust portions as needed.
Seniors need approximately 25-35 calories per pound of body weight.
Nutritional Requirements
- Protein: 22-26% from high-quality animal sources
- Fat: 12-16% for energy and coat health
- Omega Fatty Acids: Essential for maintaining the signature blue coat
- Joint Supplements: Glucosamine and chondroitin for joint health, especially in seniors
- Limited Fillers: Avoid foods with excessive corn, wheat, or soy
Food Allergies
Kerry Blue Terriers can be prone to food allergies and sensitivities. Common triggers include beef, dairy, wheat, and chicken. If your Kerry shows signs of itching, ear infections, or digestive issues, consult your veterinarian about an elimination diet to identify potential allergens.
Health & Care
Kerry Blue Terriers are generally healthy with a lifespan of 12-15 years, but like all breeds, they can be prone to certain health conditions.
Common Health Concerns
| Health Condition | Description | Prevention/Management |
|---|---|---|
| Hip Dysplasia | Genetic condition where hip joint doesn't develop properly | Proper nutrition, maintain healthy weight, low-impact exercise |
| Progressive Retinal Atrophy (PRA) | Degenerative eye disorder that can lead to blindness | Regular eye exams, genetic testing of breeding stock |
| Cerebellar Abiotrophy | Neurological condition affecting coordination and balance | Genetic testing, supportive care |
| Skin Issues | Including cysts, allergies, and spiculosis (thick, spiky hairs) | Regular grooming, veterinary evaluation of skin problems |
| Hypothyroidism | Underactive thyroid gland affecting metabolism | Medication, regular blood tests |
| Entropion | Eyelid rolling inward, causing irritation | Surgical correction if severe |
Grooming Requirements
The Kerry Blue's beautiful coat requires significant maintenance to keep it in good condition:
At-Home Care
Weekly
Brush at least once per week with a slicker brush and comb to prevent mats and tangles. Use conditioning spray to reduce pulling and add shine.
Ungroomed Kerries will develop mats that can lead to skin infections.
Professional Care
Every 6-8 Weeks
Professional grooming every 6-8 weeks for trimming and shaping. The typical Kerry cut is a scissored trim that leaves a visible wave/curl in the coat.
Regular bathing (about monthly) with gentle conditioning shampoo helps maintain coat health.
Preventive Care
- Regular Veterinary Visits: Annual check-ups, more frequently for seniors
- Vaccinations: Keep up to date with core vaccines
- Parasite Prevention: Regular flea, tick, and heartworm prevention
- Dental Care: Regular brushing and professional cleanings
- Weight Management: Maintain healthy weight to reduce joint stress
Training & Behavior
Training a Kerry Blue requires patience, consistency, and an understanding of their intelligent but sometimes stubborn nature.
Training Approach
- Start Early: Begin training and socialization from puppyhood
- Positive Reinforcement: Use reward-based training with treats, praise, and play
- Keep Sessions Short: 10-15 minute sessions to maintain attention
- Be Consistent: Use the same commands and expectations consistently
- Make it Fun: Incorporate games and variety to keep them engaged
Socialization Needs
Early and ongoing socialization is crucial for Kerry Blues:
- Puppy Classes: Enroll in puppy kindergarten for early socialization
- Various Environments: Expose to different people, places, and situations
- Other Animals: Carefully supervised introductions to other pets
- Positive Experiences: Ensure new experiences are positive and not overwhelming
Training Tips
Kerry Blues are highly intelligent but can be willful. They respond best to training that respects their intelligence while establishing clear leadership. Avoid harsh training methods as these can damage the bond with your dog and may lead to resistance. Instead, use their food motivation and desire to please to your advantage. These dogs excel at dog sports like agility, obedience, and rally, which provide excellent mental and physical stimulation.
Common Behavioral Issues
- Chasing Instinct: Strong prey drive may lead to chasing small animals
- Same-Sex Aggression: May be aggressive toward dogs of the same sex
- Boredom Behaviors: Destructive chewing or digging if understimulated
- Stubbornness: May ignore commands if they see no benefit
- Protective Barking: May bark to alert of strangers or unusual sounds
Living Environment
Kerry Blue Terriers are adaptable dogs that can thrive in various living situations with the right accommodations.
Ideal Home Setup
- Space: Can adapt to apartment living with sufficient daily exercise
- Yard: Secure, fenced yard is ideal for play and potty needs
- Climate: Tolerate various climates but need protection from extreme heat
- Indoor Access: Should live indoors as part of the family, not kept outdoors
Family Compatibility
- Children: Good with older, respectful children; may be too energetic for toddlers
- Other Pets: May coexist with other pets if raised together; caution with small animals
- Seniors: Suitable for active seniors who can meet their exercise needs
- First-time Owners: Better suited for experienced dog owners
Environmental Considerations
Kerry Blues have high energy levels and need regular outlets for physical and mental stimulation. Without adequate exercise, they may develop destructive behaviors. Their strong prey drive means they should always be leashed or in a securely fenced area when outdoors. They are sensitive to heat due to their dense coat and should have access to shade and water in warm weather.
Best Living Situation
The ideal home for a Kerry Blue Terrier is with an active family or individual who:
- Has previous experience with terriers or strong-willed breeds
- Can provide daily exercise and mental stimulation
- Has time for regular grooming maintenance
- Values an intelligent, loyal companion
- Has a secure yard or access to safe exercise areas
Role & Purpose
Throughout history, Kerry Blue Terriers have served in various roles, showcasing their versatility and intelligence.
Historical Roles
- Farm Dog: Originally bred as all-purpose farm helpers in Ireland
- Vermin Hunter: Excellent at controlling rats, mice, and other pests
- Herding Dog: Used to herd cattle and sheep
- Guard Dog: Protected property and alerted to strangers
- Hunter: Assisted in hunting small game and retrieving waterfowl
Modern Roles
- Family Companion: Loyal and affectionate family pet
- Show Dog: Successful in conformation shows worldwide
- Performance Sports: Excel in agility, obedience, and rally
- Therapy Work: Can be trained as therapy dogs with proper temperament
- Watchdog: Alert and protective of home and family
Notable Achievements
The Kerry Blue Terrier has had notable success in the show ring. In 2000, a Kerry Blue named Torums Scarf Michael won Best in Show at Crufts, one of the most prestigious dog shows in the world. Just three years later in 2003, the same dog won Best in Show at the Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show in the United States, cementing the breed's place in dog show history.
Breed Strengths
- Intelligence: Quick learners capable of complex tasks
- Versatility: Adaptable to various roles and environments
- Loyalty: Deeply devoted to their families
- Alertness: Excellent watchdogs with protective instincts
- Stamina: Good endurance for various activities
Cost & Availability
Kerry Blue Terriers are a relatively rare breed, which affects their availability and cost.
Initial Costs
| Expense | Cost Range | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Purchase Price | $1,500 - $3,000 | From reputable breeders; show quality at higher end |
| Adoption Fee | $200 - $500 | From breed-specific rescues |
| Initial Supplies | $300 - $600 | Crate, bed, bowls, collar, leash, toys |
| Initial Vet Care | $200 - $400 | Exams, vaccinations, spay/neuter |
| Initial Grooming | $100 - $200 | Starter grooming tools or first professional groom |
| Training Classes | $100 - $300 | Puppy kindergarten and basic obedience |
Annual Costs
- Food: $500 - $800 for high-quality dog food
- Veterinary Care: $400 - $800 for routine care, vaccines, preventatives
- Grooming: $600 - $1,200 for professional grooming every 6-8 weeks
- Training/Activities: $200 - $500 for ongoing classes or dog sports
- Miscellaneous: $200 - $400 for toys, treats, replacements
- Pet Insurance: $400 - $800 annually for comprehensive coverage
Availability
- Breeders: Limited number of reputable breeders; often have waiting lists
- Rescues: Several breed-specific rescues in the US and UK
- Show Lines: More readily available from show breeders
- Geographic Variation: More common in areas with active breed clubs
- Waiting Period: May need to wait 6-12 months for a puppy from a good breeder
Financial Considerations
The Kerry Blue Terrier is not a low-maintenance breed financially. Their grooming needs in particular represent a significant ongoing expense. Additionally, as a relatively rare breed with some genetic health concerns, potential owners should budget for possible veterinary expenses and consider pet insurance. The initial investment in a well-bred puppy from health-tested parents can help reduce the risk of expensive health issues later in life.
Similar Breeds
If you're interested in the Kerry Blue Terrier but want to explore similar breeds, consider these alternatives:
Irish Terrier
Another Irish terrier with a fiery personality but a more common reddish coat. Similar size and energy level to the Kerry Blue.
Welsh Terrier
Similar in appearance to a small Airedale, with comparable energy and intelligence to the Kerry Blue but in a slightly smaller package.
Soft Coated Wheaten Terrier
Another Irish breed with a soft coat, though in a wheaten color. Similar size and cheerful disposition to the Kerry Blue.
Standard Schnauzer
Similar size and intelligence with a distinctive bearded appearance. Like the Kerry Blue, they're versatile working dogs.
Breed Comparison
| Breed | Similarities to Kerry Blue | Key Differences |
|---|---|---|
| Irish Terrier | Similar size, energy, and Irish origin | Different coat type and color; slightly less grooming needs |
| Welsh Terrier | Comparable temperament and energy level | Smaller size; different coat color and texture |
| Soft Coated Wheaten | Similar coat texture; Irish origin; cheerful disposition | Different coat color; generally more easygoing |
| Standard Schnauzer | Similar size, intelligence, and bearded appearance | Different coat type; German origin; more reserved with strangers |
Frequently Asked Questions
Kerry Blue Terriers can be excellent family dogs for the right household. They are affectionate and loyal to their families and can be good with children when properly introduced and socialized. However, they are best suited for families with older children who understand how to interact respectfully with dogs. Their high energy level and strong personality mean they do best with experienced dog owners who can provide consistent training and leadership.
Kerry Blue Terriers are often described as low-shedding or hypoallergenic, but no dog is truly 100% hypoallergenic. Unlike many breeds, Kerries have a coat that continues to grow throughout the year rather than shedding seasonally. This means loose hairs tend to get caught in the coat rather than falling out, which can be better for people with allergies. However, this also means they require regular brushing to remove dead hairs and prevent matting.
Kerry Blue Terriers are highly intelligent and capable of learning quickly, but they can be strong-willed and stubborn, which can make training challenging. They respond best to positive reinforcement methods, consistency, and training sessions that are short and engaging. Early socialization and puppy training classes are highly recommended. With the right approach, Kerries excel in various dog sports including agility, obedience, and herding trials.
Kerry Blue Terriers are an active breed that requires substantial daily exercise—at least 60 minutes per day. This should include both physical activity and mental stimulation. Ideal activities include long walks, hiking, playing fetch, and participation in dog sports like agility or herding. Without adequate exercise, Kerry Blues may become bored and develop destructive behaviors such as excessive barking or chewing.
Kerry Blue Terriers are not inherently aggressive, but they do have typical terrier traits including alertness, protectiveness, and potential dog-aggression, particularly with dogs of the same sex. They were originally bred to hunt vermin, which can translate to chasing small animals. With proper socialization from an early age, training, and responsible ownership, most Kerry Blues are well-adjusted family companions. However, they may be reserved with strangers and make good watchdogs.
Kerry Blue Terriers are considered a relatively uncommon breed for several reasons. They're classified as a "vulnerable native breed" in the UK, with fewer than 300 registrations per year. Their high grooming requirements can be off-putting to potential owners, and they require an experienced owner who can handle their strong personality. Additionally, they've never achieved the widespread popularity of some other terrier breeds, possibly because they were late to be officially recognized outside of Ireland. Their rarity adds to their appeal for dedicated breed enthusiasts.
Yes, Kerry Blue Terriers can adapt to apartment living if their exercise needs are met. They are medium-sized dogs with moderate space requirements indoors. However, apartment dwellers must be committed to providing daily walks, visits to dog parks, and other forms of exercise. Without adequate physical and mental stimulation, Kerry Blues in apartments may develop behavioral issues. Access to a secure outdoor space is beneficial but not strictly necessary if alternative exercise options are available.
The average lifespan of a Kerry Blue Terrier is 12-15 years. With proper care, some individuals may live even longer. Factors that influence lifespan include genetics, diet, exercise, preventive veterinary care, and management of any breed-specific health issues. Responsible breeding practices that screen for genetic conditions can also contribute to longer, healthier lives for these dogs.
Bottom Line: Is a Kerry Blue Terrier Right for You?
The Kerry Blue Terrier is a remarkable breed that combines intelligence, loyalty, and striking appearance in one package. These "blue devils" from Ireland offer unwavering devotion to their families, plenty of personality, and the versatility to excel in various roles from family companion to performance dog. However, they're not the right choice for everyone. Their high grooming needs, substantial exercise requirements, and strong-willed nature demand an owner who's prepared for the commitment. If you're an experienced dog owner with time for regular grooming, plenty of energy for daily activities, and appreciation for a dog with personality plus, the Kerry Blue Terrier might just be your perfect blue-coated match. This rare gem of the terrier world rewards dedicated owners with years of companionship, laughter, and unwavering loyalty.
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