Andrea Arden 
Smooth Fox Terrier | The Essential Breed Guide
The Smooth Fox Terrier is a classic British breed known for its distinctive appearance, boundless energy, and courageous spirit. With their sleek white coat marked with tan or black patches, keen expression, and compact yet sturdy build, these dogs embody the quintessential terrier character. Originally developed for fox hunting, they combine intelligence, determination, and athleticism in a medium-sized package.
Known for their lively personality and unwavering loyalty, Smooth Fox Terriers have transitioned from working hunters to beloved family companions while retaining their hunting instincts and energetic nature. Their intelligence and eagerness to please make them highly trainable, though their independent streak requires consistent leadership.
In this comprehensive guide, we'll explore everything you need to know about the Smooth Fox Terrier—from their fascinating history as hunting companions to their specific care requirements and whether this spirited, intelligent breed might be the right companion for your active lifestyle.
Basic Information
The Smooth Fox Terrier is a medium-sized terrier breed known for its sleek coat, energetic personality, and fearless nature. These dogs combine the classic terrier determination with intelligence and athleticism.
| Other Names | Smooth-coated Fox Terrier, Fox Terrier (Smooth) |
|---|---|
| Breed Group | Terrier (AKC, UKC) |
| Origin | England |
| Height | 14-15.5 inches |
| Weight | 15-19 pounds |
| Lifespan | 12-15 years |
| Coat | Short, flat, dense, and smooth |
| Colors | Predominantly white with black, tan, or black and tan markings |
| Temperament | Intelligent, energetic, fearless, friendly |
| Energy Level | High - requires substantial daily exercise |
| Good With | Families with older children, active owners |
Did You Know?
The Smooth Fox Terrier is one of the oldest terrier breeds, with origins dating back to the 18th century in England. They were originally bred to assist in fox hunts by "going to ground" and flushing foxes from their dens. The breed was so valued for its working ability that it was one of the first terriers to be recognized by the Kennel Club in the 1870s. Famous Smooth Fox Terrier owners have included President Franklin D. Roosevelt and author Rudyard Kipling. The breed remains popular in dog sports today, particularly in earthdog trials that test their natural hunting instincts.
History and Origin
The Smooth Fox Terrier was developed in 18th century England specifically for fox hunting, where its courage, intelligence, and determination made it an invaluable hunting companion.
Development in England
The Smooth Fox Terrier descends from various old British terrier breeds, with possible contributions from the Black and Tan Terrier, Bull Terrier, and Beagle. They were specifically developed to work alongside foxhounds during hunts, with the terriers' job being to bolt foxes from their dens so the hounds could continue the chase.
Their predominantly white coloration was deliberately selected to make them easily distinguishable from the fox during hunts. The breed's courage, determination, and compact size made them perfectly suited for going to ground after foxes, while their intelligence and trainability made them excellent working partners.
Breed Recognition and Development
The first Fox Terrier club was formed in 1876, and the breed standard was established shortly thereafter. Smooth Fox Terriers were first shown in England in the 1860s and were recognized by the American Kennel Club in 1885. The breed's popularity soared in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, with Smooth Fox Terriers becoming one of the most popular show dogs. While the Wire Fox Terrier eventually surpassed the smooth variety in popularity, both remain beloved terrier breeds with dedicated followings. The breed has maintained its working abilities while adapting to life as a companion animal, though their hunting instincts remain strong.
Breed Development Timeline
- 18th Century: Developed in England for fox hunting
- 1860s: First shown in dog shows in England
- 1876: First Fox Terrier club formed
- 1885: Recognized by American Kennel Club
- Late 19th Century: Peak popularity in show rings
- Early 20th Century: Wire variety becomes more popular
- Present Day: Maintains dedicated following worldwide
Appearance & Physical Traits
The Smooth Fox Terrier is a balanced, sturdy dog with a distinctive appearance that reflects its working heritage and athletic ability.
Physical Characteristics
- Body: Square proportion, well-balanced with strong bone
- Head: Flat, moderately narrow skull with slight stop
- Eyes: Dark, moderately small, deep-set with keen expression
- Ears: Small, V-shaped, folded forward close to cheeks
- Tail: Set high, customarily docked, carried gaily
- Gait: Straight, free, and efficient with good drive
Coat and Colors
The Smooth Fox Terrier's distinctive coat is short and requires minimal maintenance:
- Coat Type: Smooth, flat, dense, and hard to the touch
- Color Pattern: Predominantly white with markings
- Acceptable Colors: White with black, tan, or black and tan markings
- Coat Care: Weekly brushing, occasional bathing
- Disqualifications: Brindle, red, or liver markings
Size and Proportion
Smooth Fox Terriers are medium-sized, sturdy dogs:
- Height: 14-15.5 inches at the shoulder
- Weight: 15-19 pounds
- Build: Square proportion (height equals length)
- Substance: Sturdy, well-boned, muscular without being bulky
Temperament & Personality
The Smooth Fox Terrier's temperament combines intelligence, energy, and courage with typical terrier determination and spirit.
Intelligent & Alert
Smooth Fox Terriers are highly intelligent and observant dogs. They're quick to learn and always aware of their surroundings, making them excellent watchdogs.
Energetic & Playful
These dogs have boundless energy and maintain a playful, puppy-like attitude throughout their lives. They enjoy games and activities that challenge both body and mind.
Fearless & Confident
Smooth Fox Terriers possess remarkable courage and confidence. They're typically unfazed by unfamiliar situations and approach life with bold determination.
Loyal & Affectionate
These dogs form strong bonds with their families and are devoted companions. They thrive on human interaction and enjoy being involved in family activities.
Important Temperament Considerations
Smooth Fox Terriers are intelligent, strong-willed dogs that require consistent leadership and training. Their terrier heritage means they can be stubborn and may challenge authority if not properly trained. Early and extensive socialization is crucial to ensure they develop appropriate behaviors around other dogs and people. Their high prey drive means they may chase small animals, so secure containment is essential. Smooth Fox Terriers are sensitive to their owner's tone and respond poorly to harsh training methods. They thrive on positive reinforcement and clear, consistent communication. These dogs mature slowly and may not reach full mental maturity until 2-3 years of age, requiring patience during their development.
Temperament Traits
Exercise & Activity Needs
Smooth Fox Terriers are high-energy dogs that require substantial daily exercise and mental stimulation to stay healthy and well-behaved.
Daily Exercise
60-90 Minutes
Vigorous running, long walks, or active play sessions. Smooth Fox Terriers need opportunities to expend their considerable energy and enjoy having space to run and explore.
Mental stimulation is as important as physical exercise.
Structured Activities
30-45 Minutes
Obedience training, agility, or other dog sports. These intelligent dogs thrive when given purposeful work and challenges that engage their minds.
Fulfills their natural intelligence and working instincts.
Mental Stimulation
Daily
Puzzle toys, scent work, and training games provide necessary mental challenges. Their intelligent nature needs regular engagement to prevent boredom.
Prevents destructive behaviors from boredom.
Weekly Exercise Schedule
- Daily: 60-90 minutes of vigorous exercise + mental stimulation
- 4-5 times per week: Structured training or working activities
- Weekly: Opportunities for off-leash running in secure areas
- Ongoing: Access to safe exploration and sniffing opportunities
Exercise Considerations
Smooth Fox Terrier puppies should not be over-exercised during their growth period to protect developing joints. Avoid strenuous exercise like long runs or jumping until they reach physical maturity around 12-18 months. Always use a sturdy leash or secure fencing, as their strong prey drive may cause them to chase small animals and ignore recall commands. These dogs excel at various dog sports including agility, obedience, earthdog trials, and tracking, which provide excellent physical and mental outlets. Smooth Fox Terriers thrive when given jobs to do and enjoy participating in activities that engage their natural intelligence and problem-solving abilities.
Diet & Nutrition
Proper nutrition is essential for Smooth Fox Terriers, who require a balanced diet to support their active lifestyle and maintain optimal health.
Puppy Diet
0-12 Months
High-quality small to medium breed puppy food formulated for controlled growth, fed 3-4 times daily. Proper nutrition supports healthy bone and joint development.
Puppies need frequent, measured meals for proper growth.
Adult Diet
1-7 Years
High-quality adult dog food with balanced protein and controlled calories. Active adults typically need 1-1.5 cups daily, divided into two meals.
Adjust portions based on activity level and metabolism.
Senior Diet
7+ Years
Senior formula with joint support, controlled calories, and adjusted nutrient levels. Monitor weight and adjust portions as activity decreases.
Seniors may need smaller, more frequent meals.
Nutritional Requirements
- Protein: High-quality sources for muscle maintenance (22-26%)
- Fat: Moderate levels for energy without excessive weight gain
- Joint Support: Glucosamine and chondroitin for active dogs
- Omega Fatty Acids: Support skin, coat, and overall health
- Portion Control: Critical to prevent obesity and related health issues
Feeding Considerations
Smooth Fox Terriers can be prone to food allergies, which may manifest as skin issues or digestive problems. Some individuals may be sensitive to grains or specific protein sources. Avoid free-feeding and measure all meals to prevent obesity. Use slow feeder bowls if your dog eats too quickly. Always provide fresh water. Smooth Fox Terriers can be prone to bloat, so avoid vigorous exercise immediately before or after meals and consider feeding multiple smaller meals rather than one large meal. Consult your veterinarian for specific dietary recommendations based on your Smooth Fox Terrier's age, activity level, and health status.
Health & Care
Smooth Fox Terriers are generally healthy with a lifespan of 12-15 years, but like all breeds, they can be prone to certain health conditions.
Common Health Concerns
| Health Condition | Description | Prevention/Management |
|---|---|---|
| Luxating Patella | Dislocation of kneecap | Weight management, proper nutrition, screening breeding dogs |
| Deafness | Congenital or acquired hearing loss | BAER testing, careful breeding selection |
| Eye Conditions | Cataracts, lens luxation, glaucoma | Regular eye exams, surgical correction if needed |
| Skin Issues | Allergies, various dermatological conditions | Proper grooming, allergy management, veterinary care |
| Heart Issues | Mitral valve disease, heart murmurs | Regular veterinary check-ups, cardiac screening |
| Legg-Calvé-Perthes | Degeneration of hip joint | Weight management, surgical intervention if needed |
Grooming Requirements
The Smooth Fox Terrier's short coat requires minimal maintenance to keep it healthy and looking its best.
Regular Brushing
1-2 Times Weekly
Regular brushing with soft bristle brush or grooming mitt to remove dead hair and distribute skin oils. Regular ear cleaning, nail trimming, and dental care are also essential.
More frequent brushing during seasonal shedding.
Bathing
As Needed
Bathing only when necessary with gentle dog shampoo to maintain natural oils. Over-bathing can dry out their skin and coat.
Use dog-specific products to maintain coat health.
Preventive Care
- Regular Veterinary Visits: Annual check-ups, more frequently for seniors
- Dental Care: Daily brushing and professional cleanings as needed
- Weight Management: Regular monitoring to prevent joint stress
- Ear Care: Weekly cleaning and inspection
- Parasite Prevention: Regular flea, tick, and heartworm prevention
Training & Behavior
Training a Smooth Fox Terrier requires patience, consistency, and an understanding of their intelligent but independent nature.
Training Approach
- Positive Reinforcement: Use reward-based training with high-value treats, praise, and play
- Early Start: Begin training and socialization from 8-10 weeks old
- Consistency: Establish clear rules and expectations from the beginning
- Patience: Smooth Fox Terriers mature slowly and require extended training periods
- Short Sessions: Keep training brief and engaging to maintain focus
Socialization Needs
Early and extensive socialization is crucial for Smooth Fox Terriers:
- Puppy Classes: Enroll in puppy kindergarten for early socialization
- Various Environments: Expose to different people, places, and situations
- Controlled Introductions: Supervised meetings with various people and animals
- Positive Experiences: Ensure new experiences are positive and not overwhelming
Training Tips
Smooth Fox Terriers respond best to positive reinforcement methods and patient, consistent training. Their intelligence means they learn quickly but may challenge commands that seem arbitrary. Socialization is particularly important to ensure they develop appropriate behaviors around other dogs and people. Their terrier instincts mean they need to learn appropriate boundaries with small animals. Training should focus on establishing reliable obedience and solid manners. Remember that Smooth Fox Terriers mature slowly and may not reach full mental maturity until 2-3 years of age. Be patient and consistent, and celebrate small victories. These dogs excel when given jobs to do and enjoy participating in canine sports that utilize their natural intelligence and problem-solving abilities.
Common Behavioral Issues
- Digging: Natural terrier behavior that may be directed at yards
- Chasing: Strong prey drive toward small animals
- Stubbornness: May ignore commands if not properly motivated
- Barking: Alert barking at noises or movement
- Chewing: Destructive chewing if bored or under-exercised
Living Environment
Smooth Fox Terriers can adapt to various living situations when their substantial exercise and mental stimulation needs are met.
Ideal Home Setup
- Space: Best suited for homes with securely fenced yards
- Secure Fencing: Essential due to their hunting instincts and potential to roam
- Indoor Access: Should live indoors as part of the family
- Comfortable Resting: Durable beds to accommodate their activity level
Family Compatibility
- Children: Good with respectful older children; supervision with young children
- Other Pets: May be challenging with small pets; can get along with other dogs when properly socialized
- Seniors: May be suitable for active seniors who can provide proper exercise
- First-time Owners: Possible with commitment to training and consistency
Important Considerations
Smooth Fox Terriers are active, intelligent dogs that require proper containment and supervision. Their strong prey drive means they may chase small animals, so secure fencing is essential. They need consistent leadership and boundaries to thrive as family companions. Their energy level requires owners who can provide adequate exercise and mental stimulation. Potential owners should be prepared for their grooming requirements and need for early and ongoing socialization. Smooth Fox Terriers are best suited for households where they receive adequate exercise and mental stimulation. They're intelligent dogs who can become bored easily, so mental enrichment is as important as physical exercise. While generally good-natured, they can be reserved with strangers and make excellent watchdogs.
Best Living Situation
The ideal home for a Smooth Fox Terrier is with an individual or family who:
- Can provide substantial daily exercise and mental stimulation
- Has a securely fenced yard or commitment to regular outdoor activities
- Values an intelligent, energetic companion
- Can provide consistent training and leadership
- Is committed to regular grooming and veterinary care
Cost & Availability
Smooth Fox Terriers are a moderately popular breed with specific considerations regarding cost and availability.
Initial Costs
| Expense | Cost Range | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Purchase Price | $1,200 - $2,500+ | From reputable breeders; show quality at higher end |
| Adoption Fee | $300 - $600 | From shelters or breed-specific rescues |
| Initial Supplies | $400 - $700 | Crate, bed, bowls, collar, leash, grooming tools |
| Initial Vet Care | $400 - $700 | Exams, vaccinations, spay/neuter, microchip |
| Training Classes | $150 - $400 | Puppy kindergarten and basic obedience |
Annual Costs
- Food: $400 - $700 for high-quality dog food
- Veterinary Care: $500 - $900 for routine care and potential health issues
- Grooming: $200 - $400 for occasional professional grooming
- Preventive Medications: $300 - $500 for flea, tick, and heartworm prevention
- Training/Activities: $200 - $500 for ongoing classes or activities
- Miscellaneous: $300 - $600 for toys, treats, replacements
Availability
- Breeders: Reputable breeders available but less common than some breeds
- Rescues: Available through shelters and breed-specific rescues
- Popularity: Less common than Wire Fox Terrier but still available
- Geographic Variation: Available throughout the country
- Waiting Period: May be wait for puppies from reputable breeders
Similar Breeds
If you're interested in the Smooth Fox Terrier but want to explore similar breeds, consider these alternatives:
Wire Fox Terrier
Similar temperament and energy level but with wiry coat and different grooming needs. Generally similar in personality with comparable exercise requirements but higher grooming maintenance.
Jack Russell Terrier
Similar terrier temperament and energy level but smaller in size. Generally similar in personality with comparable exercise requirements in a more compact package.
Rat Terrier
Similar size and hunting instincts but with different appearance and temperament. Generally more biddable with different exercise requirements and personality traits.
Border Terrier
Similar terrier temperament and working ability but with different coat and appearance. Generally more easygoing with comparable exercise requirements and intelligence.
Frequently Asked Questions
Smooth Fox Terriers can be excellent family pets for the right families. They're intelligent, energetic, and generally good with respectful older children. However, their high energy level and strong personality mean they're best suited for active families who can provide proper training, exercise, and supervision. They need families who understand and respect their terrier heritage and can provide the structure and leadership they require. With proper training and socialization, they can be wonderful family companions, but they're not recommended for families with very young children or sedentary lifestyles.
Smooth Fox Terriers need at least 60-90 minutes of vigorous exercise daily, plus mental stimulation. They appreciate having a job to do or structured activities that engage both their body and mind. Their exercise should include daily opportunities for running in securely fenced areas, long walks or hikes, and activities that challenge their intelligence. Mental stimulation is particularly important for this intelligent breed. They're generally calm indoors when properly exercised but need regular outdoor activity. It's important to balance sufficient exercise with joint protection, especially during their growth period. Puppies should not be over-exercised to protect developing joints.
Smooth Fox Terriers can get along with other dogs, especially when properly socialized from puppyhood. However, their strong terrier instincts mean they may chase cats or other small pets, particularly if they run. Early socialization and training can help manage this instinct, but careful supervision is always recommended. Many Smooth Fox Terriers can learn to coexist peacefully with cats they're raised with, but their hunting instincts may still emerge. Introductions to other pets should be done gradually and under controlled circumstances. With proper management, many Smooth Fox Terriers live happily with other animals, but their interactions should always be supervised, especially with smaller pets.
Smooth Fox Terriers are intelligent and capable learners, but they can be independent and strong-willed, which can make training challenging for inexperienced owners. They respond best to positive reinforcement methods, consistency, and patience. Their intelligence means they learn quickly but may choose not to obey commands if they see no benefit. Training should be engaging and varied to maintain their interest. Early socialization and obedience training are crucial for developing a well-mannered adult. While they're not the easiest breed to train, dedicated owners who use positive methods and understand the terrier personality can achieve excellent results. Their intelligence means they excel at advanced training and dog sports.
Smooth Fox Terriers are considered moderate shedders. Their short, smooth coat sheds consistently throughout the year, with increased shedding during seasonal changes. Regular brushing helps remove dead hair and control shedding. While they're not heavy shedders compared to some breeds, they do require regular grooming to maintain their coat's health and appearance. Their low-maintenance coat is one reason they're popular with owners who prefer minimal grooming requirements. Regular grooming not only controls shedding but also helps distribute skin oils and keep the coat healthy.
The average lifespan of a Smooth Fox Terrier is 12-15 years, which is typical for a medium-sized breed. With excellent care, some individuals may live slightly longer. Factors that influence lifespan include genetics, diet, exercise, preventive veterinary care, and management of any health issues. Providing a healthy lifestyle with proper weight management, regular veterinary check-ups, attention to joint health, and prompt treatment of any health concerns can help ensure your Smooth Fox Terrier lives a long, healthy life. Like all breeds, they can be prone to certain health conditions that can affect quality of life and longevity, so working with a reputable breeder who health tests their breeding stock is important.
Smooth Fox Terriers are generally not recommended for first-time dog owners due to their high energy level, intelligence, strong personality, and training requirements. Their independent nature and potential stubbornness can be challenging for inexperienced owners. First-time owners may find their energy level and exercise requirements overwhelming. However, a dedicated first-time owner who does thorough research, works with experienced trainers, commits to proper socialization, and is fully prepared for the breed's needs could potentially succeed with a Smooth Fox Terrier. Most experts recommend starting with a less challenging breed for completely novice owners, but exceptionally committed first-time owners with ample time and resources might find a Smooth Fox Terrier to be a rewarding companion.
Smooth Fox Terriers have low grooming requirements compared to many breeds. Their short, smooth coat requires regular brushing 1-2 times per week to remove dead hair and distribute skin oils. Bathing is only needed occasionally when the dog gets dirty. In addition to coat care, their ears need weekly cleaning to prevent infections, and their nails require regular trimming. While they're not a high-maintenance breed in terms of grooming, they do require regular basic care to maintain their health and appearance. Their low grooming needs make them a good choice for owners who prefer minimal maintenance but still want an active, intelligent companion.
Bottom Line: Is a Smooth Fox Terrier Right for You?
The Smooth Fox Terrier is a classic terrier breed with a rich history as a hunting companion, combining intelligence, energy, and courage in a medium-sized package. These distinctive white and marked dogs form strong bonds with their families and bring energy and character to any household. However, they're not the right choice for everyone. Their high energy level, intelligence, and strong personality require committed ownership. They thrive in homes with clear leadership and families who understand and respect their terrier heritage and working instincts. If you're an active individual or family looking for an intelligent, energetic companion and are prepared for their specific needs—including substantial exercise, consistent training, and proper socialization—the Smooth Fox Terrier might be your perfect match. This classic breed rewards dedicated owners with unwavering loyalty, impressive intelligence, and versatility that has made them valued companions for centuries.
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