Dawn Lowery 
Artois Hound
Artois Hound: The Classic French Scent Hound
Powerful, Determined, and Full of Character
The Artois Hound is a distinguished French scent hound known for its powerful build, exceptional hunting abilities, and determined character. Originating from the Artois region of northern France, this breed combines strength and endurance with a noble appearance that reflects its hunting heritage.
While relatively rare even in its native France, the Artois Hound has earned respect as a versatile hunter with a fine nose and persistent tracking ability. These hounds show remarkable dedication to their work while maintaining a calm, affectionate nature with their human companions. The breed was specifically developed to hunt hare and other game in the challenging terrain of northern France, showcasing both courage and intelligence in the field.
In this comprehensive guide, we'll explore everything you need to know about the Artois Hound—from its fascinating history and distinctive characteristics to its care requirements and whether this powerful, energetic breed might be the perfect addition to your active household.
Basic Information
The Artois Hound is a medium-sized scent hound known for its powerful, muscular build, distinctive appearance, and exceptional hunting capabilities. These dogs are built for endurance and excel at tracking game across varied terrain.
| Other Names | Chien d'Artois, Briquet |
|---|---|
| Breed Group | Scenthound (UKC, FCI Group 6) |
| Origin | France |
| Height | 53-58 cm (21-23 in) for males; 52-56 cm (20.5-22 in) for females |
| Weight | 55-65 pounds (25-30 kg) |
| Lifespan | 12-14 years |
| Coat | Short, dense, and fairly coarse |
| Colors | Tricolor (fawn with black mantle and white markings) or dark fawn and white |
| Temperament | Calm, affectionate, determined, pack-oriented |
| Energy Level | High - requires substantial daily exercise |
| Good With | Families, children, other dogs |
Did You Know?
The Artois Hound is one of the oldest French scent hound breeds, with origins dating back to the 15th century. The breed was a favorite of French royalty, particularly King Henry IV and Louis XIII, who appreciated its hunting prowess. The Artois Hound nearly became extinct after the French Revolution but was saved by dedicated breeders in the Artois region who preserved the bloodlines. The breed's distinctive tricolor coat and powerful build make it instantly recognizable among French hounds.
History and Origin
The Artois Hound has a rich French heritage that dates back to the 15th century, making it one of the oldest French scent hound breeds.
Development in France
The breed originated in the Artois region of northern France, where it was developed from ancient French hounds. The Artois Hound was specifically bred for hunting hare in the challenging terrain of the region, requiring a dog with exceptional stamina, a fine nose, and determination.
The breed gained popularity among French nobility during the Renaissance, with King Henry IV and Louis XIII being particularly fond of the Artois Hound for hunting. The breed's versatility and hunting prowess made it a favorite for hunting various game, from hare to wild boar.
Survival and Preservation
After the French Revolution, the Artois Hound faced near extinction as hunting became less common among the nobility. However, dedicated breeders in the Artois region worked to preserve the breed, focusing on maintaining its hunting abilities and distinctive characteristics. The breed was officially recognized by the Société Centrale Canine (French Kennel Club) in the late 19th century. Despite setbacks during both World Wars, the Artois Hound has been preserved by hunting enthusiasts who appreciate its unique qualities and historical significance.
Breed Development Timeline
- 15th Century: Development of the breed in the Artois region
- 16th-17th Centuries: Favorite of French royalty for hunting
- French Revolution: Nearly becomes extinct
- 19th Century: Preservation efforts by breeders in Artois
- Late 19th Century: Official recognition by Société Centrale Canine
- World Wars: Population declines but dedicated breeders preserve the breed
- Present: Remains relatively rare but stable population
Appearance & Physical Traits
The Artois Hound presents a powerful, athletic appearance that reflects its working heritage, with a body built for endurance and strength.
Physical Characteristics
- Body: Powerful, muscular, and well-proportioned with a deep chest
- Head: Strong with a slightly domed skull and pronounced stop
- Eyes: Large, dark, and expressive with a gentle, intelligent expression
- Ears: Set at eye level, broad, flat, and moderately long
- Nose: Black with well-open nostrils
- Tail: Strong at the root, carried saber-fashion
- Coat: Short, dense, and fairly coarse, providing protection in rough terrain
Coat and Colors
The Artois Hound has a distinctive coat that is both functional and attractive:
- Coat Type: Short, dense, and fairly coarse
- Texture: Harsh to the touch, providing excellent protection
- Base Color: Dark fawn or tricolor
- Markings: Black mantle with white markings
- Special Markings: Sometimes with tan points on cheeks and legs
- Skin: Fine and supple
Size and Proportion
Artois Hounds are medium-sized dogs with powerful proportions:
- Male Height: 53-58 cm (21-23 in)
- Female Height: 52-56 cm (20.5-22 in)
- Weight: 55-65 pounds (25-30 kg)
- Build: Powerful and muscular without being heavy
- Substance: Strong bone with ample muscle for endurance hunting
Temperament & Personality
The Artois Hound combines determination, affection, and hunting passion, creating a wonderful companion for the right owner.
Gentle & Affectionate
Artois Hounds are known for their gentle, affectionate temperament at home. They're devoted to their family members and form strong bonds with their human companions.
Pack-Oriented
As a breed developed for pack hunting, these dogs thrive in social settings with other dogs. They're instinctively cooperative and work well in groups.
Determined & Focused
These are determined hunters with remarkable scenting ability and persistence on the trail. Once they pick up a scent, they pursue it with dedication.
Even-Tempered
Artois Hounds generally have stable temperaments and are not prone to sudden mood swings. They maintain composure in various situations when properly socialized.
Important Temperament Considerations
While Artois Hounds are typically calm and affectionate at home, their strong hunting instincts mean they may chase small animals, so supervision is necessary around smaller pets. They are vocal dogs with a beautiful hunting voice that they may use when excited or on a scent. These dogs have high energy levels that require substantial daily exercise to prevent boredom and potential destructive behaviors. They thrive in environments where they have a job to do or regular opportunities to use their hunting abilities. Early socialization is crucial to ensure they develop into well-adjusted adults.
Temperament Traits
Exercise & Activity Needs
The Artois Hound has high exercise requirements that reflect its heritage as an endurance hunter. Regular physical and mental stimulation is essential for a happy, well-adjusted dog.
Daily Exercise
60-90 Minutes
Vigorous daily exercise including brisk walks, jogging, or hiking. These dogs thrive on opportunities to explore and run in open spaces.
Ideal for running companions or active families with space.
Mental Stimulation
Daily
Scent work, tracking games, and puzzle toys provide essential mental exercise. Their exceptional noses need regular opportunities for sniffing and exploring.
Mental stimulation prevents boredom and destructive behaviors.
Activities & Sports
Weekly
Artois Hounds excel at hunting trials, tracking, nose work, and coursing sports. These activities channel their natural abilities and strengthen the bond with owners.
Excellent for fulfilling natural instincts in a controlled environment.
Weekly Exercise Schedule
- Daily: 60-90 minutes of walking, jogging, or active play
- Daily: Scent work or tracking games for mental stimulation
- 4-5 times per week: More vigorous activity like running or hiking
- Weekly: Opportunities for off-leash exploration in secure areas
- Ongoing: Access to safe outdoor space for independent exploration
Exercise Considerations
Artois Hounds are built for endurance and can work tirelessly throughout the day. Always use a leash or secure fencing when outdoors, as their strong hunting instincts may lead them to follow interesting scents for miles. These dogs have good stamina for various weather conditions thanks to their protective coats, but exercise should be moderated in extreme heat. Puppies require controlled exercise to protect developing joints. Mental stimulation through scent work is particularly important for this breed and can be incorporated into daily walks by allowing time for sniffing and exploration.
Diet & Nutrition
Proper nutrition is essential for the Artois Hound, supporting their active lifestyle and overall health while preventing obesity.
Puppy Diet
0-12 Months
High-quality puppy food formulated for medium breeds, fed 3-4 times daily. Controlled growth is important for proper joint development in these active dogs.
Puppies need frequent, measured meals for steady growth.
Adult Diet
1-7 Years
High-quality adult dog food with balanced protein and controlled calories. Adults typically need 2-3 cups daily, divided into two meals.
Adjust portions based on activity level and metabolism.
Senior Diet
7+ Years
Senior formula with joint support, controlled calories, and adjusted nutrient levels. Monitor weight as activity levels decrease with age.
Seniors may need smaller, more frequent meals.
Nutritional Requirements
- Protein: High-quality sources for muscle maintenance in active hunting dogs
- Fat: Moderate levels from quality sources for sustained energy during long hunts
- Joint Support: Glucosamine and chondroitin for joint health in active dogs
- Omega Fatty Acids: Support skin and coat health
- Portion Control: Important to prevent weight gain, especially in less active individuals
Feeding Considerations
Artois Hounds can be prone to obesity if overfed and underexercised. Measure food carefully and adjust portions based on activity level. These deep-chested dogs are at risk for bloat (gastric dilatation-volvulus), so feed multiple small meals rather than one large meal and avoid vigorous exercise immediately after eating. Provide fresh water at all times. Dental health is important, so consider dental chews or teeth brushing. Active and working dogs may need significantly more calories than less active pets. Consult your veterinarian for specific dietary recommendations based on your dog's age, size, and activity level.
Health & Care
Artois Hounds are generally healthy, robust dogs with a lifespan of 12-14 years. Like all breeds, they can be prone to certain health conditions that prospective owners should be aware of.
Common Health Concerns
| Health Condition | Description | Prevention/Management |
|---|---|---|
| Ear Infections | Common in floppy-eared breeds due to reduced air circulation | Regular cleaning, keeping ears dry, monitoring for signs of infection |
| Bloat (GDV) | Life-threatening stomach twisting, common in deep-chested breeds | Multiple small meals, no vigorous exercise after eating, knowing emergency signs |
| Hip Dysplasia | Developmental condition affecting hip joints | Genetic screening, weight management, joint supplements |
| Joint Issues | General wear and tear on joints from active lifestyle | Weight management, joint supplements, moderate exercise |
Grooming Requirements
The Artois Hound's short, dense coat requires minimal maintenance to keep it healthy and looking its best.
Regular Brushing
1-2 Times Weekly
Brush with a slicker brush or hound glove to remove loose hair and distribute skin oils. More frequent brushing during seasonal shedding.
Low-maintenance coat except during shedding seasons.
Bathing & Maintenance
Monthly or As Needed
Bathing as needed with gentle dog shampoo. Regular ear cleaning is crucial for this breed. Nail trimming and dental care should also be routine.
Regular maintenance prevents health issues.
Ear Care
Weekly
Weekly ear cleaning with veterinarian-approved solution. Regular inspection for signs of infection, especially after swimming or bathing.
Essential for preventing infections in floppy-eared breeds.
Preventive Care
- Regular Veterinary Visits: Annual check-ups, more frequently for seniors
- Dental Care: Daily brushing and professional cleanings as needed
- Weight Management: Regular monitoring to prevent joint stress
- Ear Care: Weekly cleaning and inspection to prevent infections
- Parasite Prevention: Regular flea, tick, and heartworm prevention
Training & Behavior
Training an Artois Hound requires patience, consistency, and an understanding of their intelligent but sometimes independent nature.
Training Approach
- Positive Reinforcement: Use reward-based training with high-value treats, praise, and play
- Consistency: Establish clear rules and expectations from the beginning
- Early Start: Begin training and socialization from 8-10 weeks old
- Patience: Allow extra time for these intelligent dogs to process commands
- Make it Meaningful: Connect training to practical purposes they understand
Socialization Needs
Early and ongoing socialization is crucial for Artois Hounds:
- Puppy Classes: Enroll in puppy kindergarten for early socialization
- Various Environments: Expose to different people, places, and situations
- Other Animals: Supervised introductions to other pets with attention to prey drive
- Positive Experiences: Ensure new experiences are positive and not overwhelming
Training Tips
Artois Hounds respond best to positive reinforcement methods and can be sensitive to harsh corrections. Their intelligence means they learn quickly but may become bored with repetition. Make training rewarding and engaging to maintain their interest. Their hunting heritage means they have a very strong prey drive, so recall training should be prioritized and practiced regularly in secure areas. Early and ongoing training helps channel their energy and intelligence in positive directions. These dogs generally do much better the closer they are with their owner, and once fully trained, take command well when working.
Common Behavioral Issues
- Roaming Tendencies: Strong scent drive may lead them to wander if not contained
- Vocalization: May bay or howl, particularly when on a scent or left alone
- Destructiveness: If bored, under-exercised, or left alone for long periods
- Stubbornness: May resist training when stimulated by prey-like scents
- Weight Gain: Prone to obesity if exercise is insufficient
Living Environment
Artois Hounds are adaptable dogs that thrive best in environments where their exercise and mental stimulation needs can be met.
Ideal Home Setup
- Space: Best suited for homes with securely fenced yards
- Climate: Tolerate various climates thanks to protective coat
- Indoor Access: Should live indoors as part of the family, not as outdoor-only dogs
- Outdoor Space: Secure yard essential for exercise and exploration
Family Compatibility
- Children: Excellent with children when properly socialized
- Other Dogs: Excellent with other dogs due to pack heritage
- Small Pets: Not recommended due to strong hunting instincts
- Active Owners: Ideal for runners, hikers, hunters, and outdoor enthusiasts
Important Considerations
Artois Hounds are hunting dogs with strong instincts, so secure containment is essential. They should never be trusted off-leash in unsecured areas unless they have excellent recall training. Their calm nature at home makes them good house dogs, but their energy means they need ample exercise. These dogs can adapt to various living situations with dedicated owners who provide sufficient daily activity. Their high energy level makes them unsuitable for sedentary lifestyles. They do best in homes where they're treated as companions and given opportunities to use their natural abilities through hunting, tracking, or dog sports.
Best Living Situation
The ideal home for an Artois Hound is with an individual or family who:
- Has an active lifestyle with time for regular vigorous exercise
- Values a calm, affectionate companion with strong hunting instincts
- Can provide consistent training and mental stimulation
- Has experience with scent hounds or hunting breeds
- Has secure outdoor space or commitment to leash walking
Cost & Availability
Artois Hounds are relatively rare even in France, with specific considerations regarding cost and availability.
Initial Costs
| Expense | Cost Range | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Purchase Price | $1,200 - $2,000 | From reputable breeders; show or hunting quality at higher end |
| Adoption Fee | $300 - $600 | From shelters or breed-specific rescues (very rare) |
| Initial Supplies | $400 - $700 | Crate, bed, bowls, collar, leash, grooming tools |
| Initial Vet Care | $300 - $600 | Exams, vaccinations, spay/neuter, microchip |
| Training Classes | $150 - $400 | Puppy kindergarten and basic obedience |
Annual Costs
- Food: $500 - $800 for high-quality dog food for medium breeds
- Veterinary Care: $400 - $800 for routine care and potential health issues
- Preventive Medications: $250 - $450 for flea, tick, and heartworm prevention
- Training/Activities: $200 - $400 for ongoing classes or activities
- Miscellaneous: $250 - $500 for toys, treats, replacements
Availability
- Breeders: Very limited number of reputable breeders; extensive research required
- Rescues: Rarely available through shelters; breed-specific rescues uncommon
- Popularity: Uncommon even in France; known mainly to hunting enthusiasts
- Geographic Variation: Primarily found in France; may require international travel
- Waiting Period: Often significant wait for puppies from reputable breeders
Similar Breeds
If you're interested in the Artois Hound but want to explore similar breeds, consider these alternatives:
Poitevin
French scent hound with similar hunting style and elegant appearance. Known for its tricolor coat and exceptional hunting ability in packs.
Grand Bleu de Gascogne
Larger French scent hound with similar hunting drive and pack mentality. Known for its distinctive blue mottled coat and gentle temperament.
Gascon Saintongeois
French scent hound with similar hunting heritage and pack mentality. Elegant appearance and strong hunting drive, though slightly larger.
English Foxhound
Similar pack-oriented scent hound with high energy and friendly disposition. Shares the Artois Hound's love for running and hunting in groups.
Frequently Asked Questions
Yes, Artois Hounds can be excellent family dogs for active households that understand their needs. They're known for their calm, affectionate temperament at home and are typically very good with children and other dogs. Their pack-oriented nature means they thrive as part of a family unit and enjoy participating in family activities. However, their high energy levels and need for substantial exercise mean they do best with families who can provide plenty of physical activity and mental stimulation. Their medium size makes them more manageable for families than some larger hounds.
The Artois Hound is distinguished from other French hounds by its specific combination of traits and appearance. Compared to the Poitevin, the Artois Hound is slightly smaller and has a more powerful build. Unlike the Porcelaine which has a white coat with orange spots, the Artois Hound typically has a tricolor coat with a dark fawn base, black mantle, and white markings. The Artois Hound was specifically developed for hunting in the challenging terrain of northern France, requiring a dog with exceptional stamina and determination. While all French scent hounds share similar hunting instincts and pack mentality, the Artois Hound stands out for its powerful build and historical significance.
Artois Hounds are intelligent and generally responsive to training, particularly when they have a close bond with their owner. However, their strong hunting instincts can sometimes make them stubborn when they catch an interesting scent. They respond best to positive reinforcement methods and consistent training. Once fully trained, they take commands well, but their independent thinking when on a scent trail means recall training should be prioritized. Early socialization and obedience training are crucial for this breed to ensure they develop into well-mannered adults.
Artois Hounds have high exercise needs, requiring 60-90 minutes of vigorous activity daily. This should include opportunities for running in secure areas where they can hit top speed. They excel at activities that simulate hunting, such as chasing balls or participating in dog sports. Without adequate exercise, they can become bored and potentially develop behavioral issues or obesity. Mental stimulation through scent work and training is equally important for this intelligent breed.
Artois Hounds can adapt to apartment living with dedicated owners who provide sufficient daily exercise and mental stimulation. However, their high energy levels and need for space to run make them better suited to homes with access to outdoor areas. Apartment dwellers must be committed to providing multiple daily walks, trips to dog parks, and other forms of exercise. Their calm nature indoors when properly exercised makes them manageable in smaller spaces, but their energy requirements mean they need active owners regardless of living situation.
Artois Hounds typically get along very well with other dogs due to their pack heritage. However, their strong hunting instincts mean they may chase smaller pets, including cats, rabbits, or other small animals. Early socialization is important to ensure positive interactions with other animals in the household. Supervision is always recommended when introducing them to smaller pets, and some individuals may never be completely trustworthy around small animals due to their strong prey drive.
The average lifespan of an Artois Hound is 12-14 years. With proper care, regular veterinary check-ups, appropriate nutrition, and adequate exercise, some individuals may live even longer. Their generally robust health contributes to their longevity, though like all breeds, they can be prone to certain health conditions that prospective owners should be aware of, such as ear infections, hip dysplasia, and bloat.
Artois Hounds can be challenging for first-time dog owners due to their high exercise needs, strong hunting instincts, and potential stubbornness. Their calm temperament at home is appealing, but their requirements for extensive daily exercise and mental stimulation may overwhelm novice owners. First-time owners who are very active, dedicated to training, and have experience with dogs might succeed, but generally this breed is better suited for experienced dog owners familiar with scent hounds or hunting breeds.
References & Further Reading
- Fédération Cynologique Internationale - Artois Hound Breed Standard
- United Kennel Club - Artois Hound Breed Information
- American Kennel Club - Artois Hound Breed Profile
- Société Centrale Canine - Artois Hound (French)
- Purina - Artois Hound Breed Information
- DogZone - Artois Hound Breed Characteristics
- PetMD - Artois Hound Health and Care Guide
- VetStreet - Artois Hound Breed Overview
- Dog Breed Info - Artois Hound Complete Guide
- World Life Expectancy - Artois Hound Health Statistics
Bottom Line: Is an Artois Hound Right for You?
The Artois Hound is a rare and powerful breed that offers a wonderful combination of hunting ability, calm temperament, and distinctive appearance. These French scent hounds carry themselves with strength and purpose that reflects their hunting heritage. Their high energy needs, intelligence, and generally good health make them appealing companions for active households with space. However, they're not the right choice for everyone. Their substantial exercise requirements, strong hunting instincts, and need for mental stimulation can be challenging for owners who want a low-maintenance pet. If you're looking for an intelligent, calm companion with a rich history and powerful build, and you appreciate a dog who combines hunting ability with loyalty to family, the Artois Hound might be your perfect match. This historic breed rewards dedicated owners with years of companionship and the unique privilege of sharing your life with a true French hunting heritage dog.
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