Dawn Lowery 
American English Coonhound
American English Coonhound: The Versatile Hunter
Swift, Vocal, and Good-Natured
The American English Coonhound is a sleek and athletic hunting dog known for its speed, endurance, and distinctive vocalizations. Bred to pursue raccoons through challenging terrain from dusk until dawn, these determined hounds combine working prowess with a gentle, sociable nature that makes them excellent family companions when properly exercised and trained.
Descended from English Foxhounds brought to America by early settlers, this truly American breed was developed to handle the rough terrain and unique game of the Southern United States. Their melodious baying and relentless tracking ability have made them favorites among coon hunters for generations.
In this comprehensive guide, we'll explore everything you need to know about the American English Coonhound—from their fascinating colonial origins to their specific care requirements and whether this vocal, energetic breed might be the right companion for your active lifestyle.
Basic Information
The American English Coonhound is a medium to large scent hound bred for trailing and treeing raccoons, known for its speed, endurance, and distinctive ticked coat patterns.
| Other Names | English Coonhound, Redtick Coonhound |
|---|---|
| Breed Group | Hound (AKC) |
| Origin | United States |
| Height | 23-26 inches (males 24-26", females 23-25") |
| Weight | 45-65 pounds |
| Lifespan | 11-12 years |
| Coat | Short to medium, hard and protective |
| Colors | Redtick, bluetick, tricolor with ticking, red and white, white and black |
| Temperament | Sociable, mellow, determined, good-natured, vocal |
| Energy Level | High - requires substantial daily exercise |
| Good With | Families, children, other dogs; may chase small pets |
Did You Know?
The American English Coonhound is considered one of the fastest coonhound breeds and is known for its "cold nose" - the ability to follow scent trails even after they've gone cold. The phrase "barking up the wrong tree" originated from coonhounds who would sometimes continue barking at the base of a tree even after their prey had escaped. These dogs were favorites of George Washington, who was an avid breeder and hunter with hounds. Unlike many dog breeds, American English Coonhounds come in a wide variety of acceptable color patterns, including redtick, bluetick, and tricolor with ticking. Their distinctive baying vocalization was bred intentionally to allow hunters to track their location and status during night hunts.
History and Origin
The American English Coonhound has a rich history that traces back to colonial America, where European hunting dogs were adapted to New World conditions and game.
Colonial Beginnings
The breed descends primarily from English Foxhounds brought to America by settlers during the 17th and 18th centuries. These dogs were initially used for fox hunting in the English tradition, but American hunters soon discovered they needed dogs adapted to different terrain and game.
As settlers moved into the Southern United States, they encountered rough terrain and new hunting challenges. Raccoon hunting became particularly important both for pest control and for the valuable fur and meat. The English Foxhounds were crossed with other breeds, possibly including Bloodhounds, to enhance their tracking ability and create a dog better suited to American conditions.
Development and Recognition
The breed was first recognized by the United Kennel Club in 1905 as the English Fox and Coonhound. For many years, they were known simply as "English Dogs" among hunters in the Southern United States. The breed underwent several splits in the 20th century, with the Bluetick Coonhound and Treeing Walker Coonhound becoming separate breeds in the 1940s. The American Kennel Club recognized the breed in 1995 through its Foundation Stock Service and granted full recognition in 2011 as the 171st breed. Despite official recognition, many hunters and breed enthusiasts still refer to them simply as English Coonhounds or Redtick Coonhounds.
Breed Development Timeline
- 17th-18th Centuries: English Foxhounds brought to American colonies
- Late 1700s: George Washington and other early Americans breed and hunt with these hounds
- Early 1800s: Specialization for raccoon hunting begins
- 1905: United Kennel Club recognition as English Fox and Coonhound
- 1940s: Bluetick and Treeing Walker Coonhounds split into separate breeds
- 1995: AKC Foundation Stock Service recognition
- 2011: Full AKC recognition as American English Coonhound
Appearance & Physical Traits
The American English Coonhound presents a balanced, athletic appearance that reflects its heritage as a swift and enduring hunting dog.
Physical Characteristics
- Body: Lean, muscular, and racy with a deep chest and strong back
- Head: Broad with a domed skull and moderate stop
- Eyes: Dark brown, expressive, with a kind and pleading expression
- Ears: Set low, fine in texture, long enough to reach the nose when pulled forward
- Muzzle: Square and of moderate length
- Neck: Moderate in length, strong, and slightly arched
- Tail: Set high, carried gaily but not over the back
- Legs: Straight, well-boned, and muscular with strong pasterns
Coat and Colors
The American English Coonhound has a distinctive coat designed for protection in rough terrain:
- Coat Types: Short to medium length, hard and protective
- Color Patterns: Redtick, bluetick, tricolor with ticking, red and white, white and black
- Ticking: Fine flecks of color on white background, a hallmark of the breed
- Coat Texture: Hard and resilient, providing protection from brush and weather
- Shedding: Moderate year-round with seasonal increases
Size and Proportion
American English Coonhounds are athletic dogs with balanced dimensions:
- Height: Males 24-26 inches; females 23-25 inches at shoulder
- Weight: 45-65 pounds, proportional to height
- Build: Balanced and athletic with no exaggeration
- Substance: Strong bone and well-developed musculature
Temperament & Personality
The American English Coonhound's temperament combines determined hunting instinct with a surprisingly mellow and sociable nature at home.
Sociable & Good-Natured
American English Coonhounds are typically friendly and sociable with people and other dogs. They have a good-natured disposition and generally get along well with children.
Vocal & Expressive
Bred to communicate with hunters over distance, these hounds are vocal with distinctive baying and barking. Their melodious voice is a key part of their hunting heritage.
Intelligent & Independent
These hounds are intelligent problem-solvers but can be independent thinkers. They were bred to work autonomously while hunting, which can translate to stubbornness.
Energetic & Determined
With their working heritage, Coonhounds have high energy and remarkable determination when on a scent. They can become completely focused on tracking.
Important Temperament Considerations
American English Coonhounds have a strong prey drive and may chase small animals, including cats and other small pets, unless raised with them from puppyhood. Their vocal nature means they may not be suitable for apartment living or close quarters with noise-sensitive neighbors. These dogs can become destructive or develop problem behaviors if under-exercised or under-stimulated. Early socialization is crucial to ensure they develop into well-adjusted adults. Their independent thinking means they may not always respond immediately to commands, especially when they've caught an interesting scent. Proper training and management are essential for this intelligent, energetic breed.
Temperament Traits
Exercise & Activity Needs
As a high-energy working breed, American English Coonhounds require substantial daily exercise and thrive when given opportunities to use their natural hunting abilities.
Daily Exercise
60-90 Minutes
Vigorous daily exercise including running, hiking, or extended play sessions. These athletic dogs need more than casual walks to stay healthy and content.
Mental stimulation is as important as physical exercise.
Scent Work
Weekly
Tracking games, nose work, and scent trails provide necessary mental challenges. Their exceptional nose needs regular engagement.
Satisfies their natural tracking instincts in a controlled way.
Secure Area Exercise
Daily
Safe, fenced areas for off-leash running. Coonhounds enjoy having space to move freely but should never be trusted off-leash in unsecured areas.
Essential due to their strong prey drive and tendency to follow scents.
Weekly Exercise Schedule
- Daily: 60-90 minutes of vigorous physical activity
- 4-5 times per week: Training sessions incorporating scent work
- 3-4 times per week: Running, hiking, or other high-intensity activities
- Weekly: Opportunities for tracking games or field activities
Exercise Considerations
American English Coonhounds should never be trusted off-leash in unsecured areas due to their powerful prey drive. Once they catch a scent, they may become single-minded and ignore commands, potentially running long distances without regard for their safety. These dogs are prone to overheating in warm weather, so exercise during cooler parts of the day in summer and provide plenty of fresh water. Their high energy levels mean they require more than just casual walking - they need vigorous, heart-pumping exercise to stay physically and mentally healthy. A tired Coonhound is a well-behaved Coonhound, so committed exercise is essential for preventing destructive behaviors.
Diet & Nutrition
Proper nutrition is essential for American English Coonhounds, who require a balanced diet to support their active lifestyle and prevent weight gain.
Puppy Diet
0-12 Months
High-quality puppy food formulated for medium to large breeds, fed 3-4 times daily. Proper nutrition supports healthy growth and development.
Puppies need frequent, measured meals for proper growth.
Adult Diet
1-7 Years
High-quality adult dog food with balanced protein and adequate calories for activity level. Adults typically need 2.5-3.5 cups daily, divided into two meals.
Active hunting dogs may require more calories than pets.
Senior Diet
7+ Years
Senior formula with joint support, controlled calories, and adjusted nutrient levels. Monitor weight as metabolism slows and adjust portions accordingly.
Seniors may need smaller, more frequent meals.
Nutritional Requirements
- Protein: Moderate to high levels from quality sources (24-30% for active adults)
- Fat: Adequate levels for energy but controlled to prevent weight gain
- Joint Support: Glucosamine and chondroitin for joint health
- Calorie Control: Important as they are prone to weight gain
- Portion Control: Critical to maintain ideal body condition
Feeding Considerations
American English Coonhounds are prone to obesity, especially as they age and their activity level decreases. Monitor calorie consumption and adjust portions based on activity level. Treats should not exceed 10% of daily calorie intake. These deep-chested dogs are susceptible to bloat (gastric dilatation-volvulus), a life-threatening condition. Feed multiple small meals rather than one large meal, and avoid vigorous exercise before and after eating. Always provide fresh water, especially during and after exercise. Consult your veterinarian for specific dietary recommendations based on your dog's age, activity level, and health status.
Health & Care
American English Coonhounds are generally healthy, robust dogs with a lifespan of 11-12 years, but like all breeds, they can be prone to certain health conditions.
Common Health Concerns
| Health Condition | Description | Prevention/Management |
|---|---|---|
| Hip Dysplasia | Developmental abnormality of hip joints | Weight management, proper nutrition, screening breeding dogs |
| Elbow Dysplasia | Developmental abnormality of elbow joints | Weight management, proper nutrition, surgical correction if severe |
| Bloat (GDV) | Life-threatening stomach torsion | Multiple small meals, no exercise around mealtimes, preventive surgery |
| Ear Infections | Common due to long, hanging ears | Regular ear cleaning and inspection |
| Eye Disorders | Progressive retinal atrophy, cataracts | Regular eye exams, surgical correction if needed |
Grooming Requirements
The American English Coonhound's coat requires minimal maintenance, but regular care is needed for ears, nails, and dental health.
Regular Brushing
Weekly
Weekly brushing with slicker brush or grooming mitt. Regular nail trimming, ear cleaning, and dental care. Bathing only when necessary.
Minimal grooming needs compared to many breeds.
Ear Care
Weekly
Weekly ear cleaning and inspection to prevent infections. Their long, hanging ears trap moisture and debris, requiring regular maintenance.
Essential due to their floppy ear structure.
Preventive Care
- Regular Veterinary Visits: Annual check-ups recommended; semi-annual for seniors
- Dental Care: Daily brushing and professional cleanings as needed
- Weight Management: Important to prevent joint stress and other issues
- Parasite Prevention: Regular flea, tick, and heartworm prevention
- Vaccinations: Core vaccines plus any recommended based on lifestyle and location
Training & Behavior
Training an American English Coonhound requires patience, consistency, and an understanding of their intelligent but independent nature.
Training Approach
- Positive Reinforcement: Use reward-based training with high-value treats, praise, and play
- Early Start: Begin training and socialization from 8-10 weeks old
- Consistency: Establish clear rules and expectations from the beginning
- Patience: Coonhounds are independent thinkers and may not respond immediately
- Short Sessions: Keep training brief and engaging to maintain focus
Socialization Needs
Early and extensive socialization is crucial for American English Coonhounds:
- Puppy Classes: Enroll in puppy kindergarten for early socialization
- Various Environments: Expose to different people, places, and situations
- Positive Experiences: Ensure new experiences are positive and not overwhelming
- Ongoing Socialization: Continue social experiences throughout their life
Training Tips
American English Coonhounds respond best to positive, consistent training methods that respect their intelligence and independence. Their hunting heritage means they're bred to follow scents for miles without human direction, which can translate to stubbornness in training. Socialization is particularly important to ensure they develop into well-adjusted adults comfortable in various situations. Training should focus on building a strong bond and establishing reliable recall and leash skills, as their scent drive can override obedience when they catch an interesting trail. Remember that Coonhounds are sensitive to harsh treatment and respond better to encouragement than correction. These intelligent dogs excel when training incorporates their natural abilities, such as tracking games and nose work.
Common Behavioral Issues
- Vocalization: Excessive barking or baying if bored or under-exercised
- Destructive Behavior: Can occur if under-exercised or left alone too long
- Roaming: Strong tendency to follow scents and wander if not properly contained
- Stubbornness: May ignore commands if not properly motivated
- Prey Drive: May chase small animals unless properly trained and managed
Living Environment
American English Coonhounds can adapt to various living situations when their needs for exercise, mental stimulation, and secure containment are met.
Ideal Home Setup
- Space: Best suited for homes with ample indoor space and access to a securely fenced yard
- Secure Fencing: Essential for safety due to their strong hunting instinct and tendency to roam
- Indoor Access: Should live indoors as part of the family, not kept outdoors exclusively
- Comfortable Resting: Soft beds to support joints, multiple resting areas
Family Compatibility
- Children: Generally good with children; supervision with young children recommended
- Other Pets: Usually good with other dogs; may chase cats or small pets unless raised together
- Seniors: May be suitable if exercise needs can be met
- First-time Owners: Can be challenging due to energy level and independent nature
Important Considerations
American English Coonhounds are not recommended for apartment living unless their substantial exercise needs can be consistently met. Their loud, ringing bark can disturb neighbors in close quarters. These dogs require secure, tall fencing as they may attempt to climb or jump lower fences when following a scent. They thrive in homes where someone is present much of the day, as they can develop separation anxiety if left alone for long periods. Their high energy level and need for mental stimulation require committed owners who can provide adequate exercise and engagement. Always consider the time commitment required for training, exercise, and grooming before acquiring an American English Coonhound.
Best Living Situation
The ideal home for an American English Coonhound is with an individual or family who:
- Can provide daily vigorous exercise and mental stimulation
- Has a securely fenced yard or access to safe off-leash areas
- Values an intelligent, independent companion
- Has experience with hounds or active hunting breeds
- Is prepared for vocalization and has understanding neighbors
Cost & Availability
American English Coonhounds are a moderately popular breed with specific considerations regarding cost and availability.
Initial Costs
| Expense | Cost Range | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Purchase Price | $800 - $1,500 | From reputable breeders; show or hunting lines at higher end |
| Adoption Fee | $200 - $400 | From shelters or breed-specific rescues |
| Initial Supplies | $300 - $600 | Crate, bed, bowls, collar, leash, grooming tools |
| Initial Vet Care | $400 - $800 | Exams, vaccinations, spay/neuter, microchip |
| Training Classes | $200 - $500 | Puppy kindergarten and basic obedience |
Annual Costs
- Food: $500 - $800 for high-quality dog food
- Veterinary Care: $400 - $800 for routine care and potential health issues
- Grooming: $200 - $400 for supplies or professional grooming
- Preventive Medications: $300 - $500 for flea, tick, and heartworm prevention
- Training/Activities: $200 - $500 for ongoing classes or activities
- Miscellaneous: $300 - $600 for toys, treats, replacements
- Insurance: $500 - $800 for health insurance
Availability
- Breeders: Moderate number of reputable breeders; more common in Southern states
- Rescues: Available through shelters and breed-specific rescues
- Popularity: Moderately popular breed; recognized but not among most common
- Geographic Variation: More common in hunting regions, particularly the South
- Waiting Period: May need to wait for puppies from reputable breeders
Similar Breeds
If you're interested in the American English Coonhound but want to explore similar breeds, consider these alternatives:
Bluetick Coonhound
Similar hunting heritage and energy level but with distinctive blue ticking coloration. Generally slightly heavier boned and used for colder trails.
Treeing Walker Coonhound
Similar speed and hunting style but with tricolor pattern and less ticking. Known for exceptional treeing ability and high energy.
Redbone Coonhound
Similar hunting ability but with solid red coat. Generally more uniform in appearance with less color variation than English Coonhounds.
English Foxhound
Ancestral breed with similar appearance but bred for different prey and hunting style. Generally heavier boned with more emphasis on pack hunting.
Frequently Asked Questions
American English Coonhounds can be good family pets for active families who can meet their substantial exercise needs. They are typically good-natured, sociable with people and other dogs, and generally good with children. However, their high energy level, vocal nature, and strong prey drive require management and may not suit all households. These dogs do best with families who enjoy outdoor activities and have a securely fenced yard. They thrive when included in family activities and given adequate physical and mental stimulation. With proper training, socialization, and exercise, American English Coonhounds can be loyal, affectionate family companions.
American English Coonhounds have high exercise requirements and typically need 60-90 minutes of vigorous activity daily. This should include running, hiking, or other heart-pumping exercise rather than just casual walks. They also benefit from mental stimulation through training, scent work, and puzzle toys. These athletic dogs were bred for endurance and can work all night during hunts, so they require substantial exercise to stay physically and mentally healthy. A Coonhound that doesn't receive adequate exercise is likely to develop problem behaviors such as excessive barking, digging, or destructiveness. They're best suited for active individuals or families who enjoy outdoor activities and can provide consistent, vigorous exercise.
American English Coonhounds are not typically aggressive. They are generally good-natured, sociable dogs known for their friendly disposition. However, like any dog, they can develop behavioral issues if not properly socialized, trained, or exercised. Their hunting heritage means they have a strong prey drive and may chase small animals, but this is hunting behavior rather than aggression. Proper socialization from puppyhood is important to ensure they develop into well-adjusted adults. Skittishness or aggression is considered a fault according to breed standards. With proper training, socialization, and care, American English Coonhounds are typically friendly, sociable companions.
American English Coonhounds are generally not recommended for apartment living due to their high energy level and vocal nature. Their loud, ringing bark can disturb neighbors in close quarters, and their substantial exercise needs are challenging to meet without access to outdoor space. If kept in an apartment, owners must be committed to providing multiple daily exercise sessions and access to parks or other areas where the dog can run safely. Even with adequate exercise, their vocalizations may still present problems in multi-unit buildings. These dogs are much better suited to homes with securely fenced yards where they can run and explore safely.
American English Coonhounds typically get along well with other dogs, as they were bred to work in packs. They're generally sociable and enjoy canine company. However, their strong prey drive means they may chase cats or other small pets unless raised with them from puppyhood. Proper introduction and supervision are essential when adding new pets to the household. Early socialization helps them learn to interact appropriately with other animals. Some Coonhounds can live peacefully with cats if properly introduced and trained, but their instinct to chase may still emerge. Always supervise interactions, especially during the initial introduction period.
The average lifespan of an American English Coonhound is 11-12 years, which is typical for a medium to large breed. With excellent care, some individuals may live slightly longer. Factors that influence lifespan include genetics, diet, exercise, preventive veterinary care, and management of any health issues. Providing a healthy lifestyle with proper weight management, regular veterinary check-ups, attention to joint health, and prompt treatment of any health concerns can help ensure your Coonhound lives a long, healthy life. Choosing a reputable breeder who health tests their breeding dogs can also contribute to longevity by reducing the risk of inherited health conditions.
American English Coonhounds present moderate training challenges due to their independent nature and strong hunting instincts. They are intelligent and capable learners but may question commands that don't seem purposeful to them, especially when interesting scents are present. Their hunting heritage means they're bred to make decisions without human direction, which can translate to stubbornness in training. They respond best to positive reinforcement methods, patience, and consistency. Early socialization and obedience training are crucial. While not the easiest breed to train, they're certainly trainable with the right approach, especially when training incorporates their natural abilities and provides appropriate motivation.
American English Coonhounds can be challenging for first-time dog owners due to their high energy level, independent nature, and specific care requirements. Their substantial exercise needs, vocal nature, and strong prey drive require management that may be difficult for novice owners. However, a dedicated first-time owner who does thorough research, works with experienced trainers, commits to proper socialization and exercise, and is prepared for the challenges could potentially succeed with an American English Coonhound. Most experts recommend starting with a less challenging breed for novice owners. If a first-time owner chooses this breed, professional training guidance, mentorship from experienced owners, and careful selection from a reputable breeder are highly recommended.
Bottom Line: Is an American English Coonhound Right for You?
The American English Coonhound is a remarkable American breed that combines hunting prowess with good-natured companionship. These athletic, vocal hounds offer intelligence, endurance, and sociable nature alongside determined hunting instinct and remarkable speed. However, they're not the right choice for everyone. Their high energy requirements, vocal nature, strong prey drive, and need for secure containment demand committed, active owners who understand and appreciate hound characteristics. They thrive in homes with ample space and families who can provide substantial daily exercise and mental stimulation. If you're prepared for the commitment of owning a high-energy hunting breed and can provide the necessary training, exercise, secure containment, and patient leadership, an American English Coonhound might be your perfect companion. This versatile breed rewards dedicated owners with unwavering hunting ability, sociable companionship, and a living connection to American hunting traditions.
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